Inflammation of the prostate, or prostatitis can occur in acute and chronic form.Most often, damage to the organ causes a specific or non -specific infection, sometimes pathological changes develop due to congestive phenomena in the pelvis.The main symptoms are urination disorders and a decrease in potency.Treatment should be complex and include the use of drugs and the normalization of blood circulation in the pelvic organs in men.
Classification and characteristics of prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate in men is a pathology that significantly reduces the quality of life of patients and provokes a number of severe complications from both the urinary and genital area.
Within the flow of prostatitis is acute and chronic.The latter can occur independently (this happens more often) or is a consequence of an untreated acute process.
Classify inflammation of the prostate gland as follows:
- The first category, or acute bacterial prostatitis.
- The second is chronic bacterial inflammation.
- The third, or chronic abacterial prostatitis (chronic pelvic pain syndrome).It is divided into 3a - inflammatory and 3v - non -inflammatory.
- The fourth is asymptomatic inflammation of the prostate gland.
The first and second category is established by patients with a positive bacteriological examination.The difference is that the first is diagnosed with the duration of symptoms for no longer than 3 months.With a longer presence of clinical manifestations, chronic bacterial prostatitis is diagnosed.
The third category is also called chronic pelvic pain syndrome, since the main complaint of patients is pain for at least 3 months.In the study of discharge (ejaculate, urine, the secret of the gland after its massage), pathological microflora is not detected.In the case of an increase in the number of leukocytes in these analyzes, inflammatory prostatitis (3A category) is established, with their normal content - non -inflammatory.
Most men identify one of the above categories, as patients seek help due to the presence of certain symptoms of pathology.
Recently, doctors have identified the fourth subtype of the disease - asymptomatic prostatitis.It is diagnosed by accident at a medical examination or when a man undergoes an examination for other diseases of the genitourinary system.The danger of this form lies in the fact that pathological changes in the prostate gland are available, but the disease does not give any subjective signs.This condition often leads to the development of infertility.
Why is burning in the urethra in men
Reasons
Acute prostate inflammation in men occurs in 70% of cases due to infection of E. coli.In other situations, the pathology is caused by enterobacteria such as pseudo -monad, Klebsiella, Proteus.Staphyso and streptococci are much less commonly less likely to be the reason.
Of specific infections, acute prostatitis can be gonorrhea naseria (neisseria gonorrheae), Trichomonas vaginalis Trichomonas.
The predisposing factors are:
- Conducting various surgical interventions on the genitourinary organs of a man.
- The narrowing of the urethra as a result of chronic and acute inflammatory processes in the urethra.
- Performance of diagnostic manipulations - cystoscopy, ureteroscopy, etc.
- Violation of urination as a result of benign hyperplasia of the prostate gland.
- Activation of conditionally pathogenic microflora (enterobacterium) into pathogenic under the influence of reduced immunity and other diseases of the body.
- Unregular sex life, which leads to stagnation of the secret in the prostate gland.
Chronic inflammation
If chronic prostatitis appears as a continuation of an acute process, then its cause will be the same.In the event of this form of the disease, the primary predisposing factors become::
- Mycobacteria of tuberculosis.
- Clostria.
- Gonorrhea and trichomonas (can immediately cause a chronic form without an acute period).
- Salmonella.
- Various types of fungi.
In the mechanism of the emergence of pathology, an important role is played by such a phenomenon as intraprosthetic reflux - urine casting through the outlet ducts into the prostate gland.As a result of this process, the infection can easily penetrate the organ, multiply and cause inflammation.I amplified reflux:
- phimosis (narrowing of the foreskin);
- reduction in urethra lumen;
- Balanopostitis (inflammation of the foreskin);
- Construction of the urethra with a concrete for urolithiasis.
Reflux and irregular sex life increase stagnant processes in the prostate, which leads to the active reproduction of microorganisms, strengthening and spread of inflammationAs a result of this, areas of fibrosis (replacing normal tissue with dense non -functional connective) and prosthetic calculi form.All this enhances the pathological process and leads to serious consequences.
Abacterial chronic prostatitis
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (KTRB) is a synonym for this disease and occurs without the presence of any microorganisms in discharge detected by standard microbiological methods.
There are several theories of the appearance of pathology:
- infectious;
- chemical inflammation;
- immune.
Confirmation of the infectious theory is that when conducting a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the confront glamar, DNA of pathogens is revealed.However, other microbiological methods themselves are not detected.
Basically, the genetic material of the following bacteria is found with STB:
- Ureaplasma ureplasma urealyticum).
- Mycoplasma Hominis (Mycoplasma hominis).
- Chlamydia Trahomatis (Chlamidia Trachomatis).
- Trichomonade Vaginalis (Trichomonas vaginalis).
The theory of chemical inflammation explains the CTB by intraprostatic reflux, but in this case, the cause is not bacteria, but the urine itself.Once in the prostate, it causes damage to cellular structures and an inflammatory reaction.
According to immune theory, pathology arises as a consequence of autoimmune processes or as a result of an response of immunity to an alien antigen entering the organ.
In most cases, the cause of STB is not one, but their complex influence.
The provoking factor of asymptomatic prostatitis can be anyone that can cause the above categories, the difference lies only during this form of the disease.
Symptoms
Acute bacterial inflammation of the prostate gland is characterized by the appearance of general and local symptoms.
In the first place are pronounced pain in the suprapubic region and in the crotch, as well as a violation of urination until it is completely stopped.Of the general symptoms of patients, aches in the body, sweating, chills, fever, weakness.
Sometimes the pain syndrome occurs only during defecation or in a sitting position.In some atypical cases, fever is the only sign of the disease.
With a pronounced edema of the prostate, an acute urine delay occurs.This is due to the fact that the body transmits the urethra and forms a mechanical obstacle to the outflow of the content of the bladder with its increased dimensions.At the same time, the general condition of the patient is significantly worsened: the signs of intoxication increase with every hour, and in severe cases a violation of consciousness and even a coma may occur.
With untimely diagnosis, complications such as abscessing (suppuration) of the prostate with a further breakthrough of pus in the urethra or rectum may occur.As a result, fistulas are formed that require surgical intervention and reconstructive operations.
Manifestations of chronic bacterial inflammation of the prostate gland
The manifestations of this form of the disease are diverse and vary from the complete absence of symptoms to a sharp exacerbation of the process.
In most cases, patients are concerned about various intensity pain in the perineum and rectum, which can spread to the scrotum, sacrum, penis and thigh.Sometimes the pain syndrome acquires a paroxysmal character, reminiscent of neuralgia.
There are also discomfort in the urethra and frequent urination.Sometimes discharge from the urethra is determined.They intensify during the day after walking, physical activity, defecation or massage of the prostate gland.
There is a feeling of severity, pressure, overflow in the rectum and perineum.These symptoms intensify after a long seated position.This form of the disease is characterized by the appearance of inflammatory processes in the urinary system caused by the same microflora - cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis.
Symptoms of abacterial prostatitis
CTB is characterized by a clinical picture of chronic bacterial inflammation of the prostate.
Patients are concerned about pelvic and perineal pains for more than 3 months, while the results of the bacteriological examination are negative.Different types of urination disorders are characteristic:
- frequent urine selection;
- difficulty in urination (sluggish stream, necessity in additional efforts);
- Pain for urine isolated.
Sometimes there are violations of the sexual function - a decrease in libido, impotence.Often there are general symptoms in the form of weakness, headache.
Treatment with medicines
The basis of therapy is the prescription of antibiotics.In the chronic process, drugs from the group of fluoroquinolons are indicated.In acute prostatitis, beta-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides are prescribed.Treatment is carried out in 2 stages:
- At the first, empirical therapy is prescribed (before receiving crops).To do this, use third -generation cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones.
- At the second stage, treatment is carried out according to the resulting bacteriological data and the results for sensitivity to antibacterial agents.
These groups of antibiotics are chosen for the reason that they penetrate through the hematoprostatic barrier and create a high concentration of the active substance in the prostate gland.This allows you to eliminate the focus of infection.With abacterial prostatitis, antimicrobial therapy is also prescribed, which is necessary for 2 reasons:
- Antibiotics significantly relieve patients of patients.
- There is a high probability of the presence in the prostate that are difficult to determined by laboratory methods of microorganisms in the discharge.
The treatment regimen with antibiotics in chronic pelvic pain syndrome is as follows:
- A drug from a group of fluoroquinolons or doxycycline for 2 weeks is prescribed.
- A repeated study of the secretion of the prostate gland is carried out and with a decrease in symptoms, they continue to receive funds up to 4 weeks.
Treat patients with asymptomic prostatitis according to the following indications:
- infertility;
- before the operation on the prostate gland as a prevention;
- when determining pathogenic microorganisms in discharge;
- With an increased level of antiprostatic antibodies in the blood and positive analyzes of microbiological examination.
Other means
With prostatitis, drugs are prescribed from the alpha-blocker group.These products increase the maximum and average speed of urine flow, reduce the tone in the wall of the urethra and eliminate the incomplete opening of the neck of the bladder when it is emptying.Thanks to these effects, phenomena are eliminated as:
- frequent and painful urination;
- decrease in stream stream;
- The need for an additional effort to secrete urine.
Characteristic representatives are alfuzosin, tamsulosine and doxazin, they are especially relevant in chronic forms of the disease.The course of treatment of these drugs is at least 3 months.
Non -steroidal anti -inflammatory drugs are prescribed as symptomatic therapy.They reduce inflammatory phenomena, edema, reduce pain.Use drugs such as diclofenac, ibuprofen, nimesulide and others.The duration of treatment with these drugs should not exceed 4 weeks.Taking these drugs is carried out strictly after eating, as they have an irritating effect on the wall of the stomach.
In addition to tablets, local treatment is also used.To this end, patients are prescribed such drugs in candles as vitaprost, prostacle, urooprost, etc. They are also shown with prostate adenoma.
Phytotherapy
In traditional medicine, dwarf palm fruit extract is widely used.Active substances reduce inflammatory phenomena, edema and have a vasoprotective effect (strengthen the wall of blood vessels).
The bark of African plum has similar effects.
Natural origin has such a drug as prostacle.It is made from the prostate gland of cattle.It has an anti -inflammatory effect and reduces the phenomena of the prostate adenoma.
Folk remedies
You can treat prostatitis using folk remedies.In the first place in terms of effectiveness - the use of oil seeds.You can purchase this tool in pharmacies.Accept it for 1 tbsp.l.3 times a day, the course of treatment is 3-4 months.As a prevention of prostate diseases, all men can be consumed by 30 seeds of pumpkin before meals once a day.They need to be taken in raw form, since after frying healing properties are lost.
For treatment, you can use pumpkin seeds prepared according to the following recipe:
- 0.5 kg of peeled seeds is crushed on a meat grinder or blender.
- They add 200 g of honey to them and mix everything until a homogeneous mass.
- Form balls 2-3 cm in size.
They are stored in the refrigerator, take one piece 30 minutes before meals.This tool should be chewed for 2-3 minutes and absorbed, and not swallow.The course of treatment is from 6 months.
The healing effect with prostatitis has an infusion of leaves or a decoction of hazel bark.To prepare the first product, you must take 1 tbsp.l.dry leaves and brew in a glass of boiling water.You need to insist it for 30 minutes and take 1/4 of the resulting solution 4 times a day.For a decoction of bark, 1 tbsp.l.Grinded raw materials pour 200 ml of water and cook in a water bath for 30 minutes.After that, the medicine should be cooled and taken 1/4 cup 4 times a day.
The therapeutic effect with prostatitis has parsley greens.It has an anti -inflammatory effect and allows you to restore sexual activity.In this case, parsley juice is used.To do this, the greens are crushed to the state of the gruel and squeezes out the liquid from it through gauze, folded 3-4 times.Accept it for 1 tbsp.l.3 times a day.
Treat prostatitis at home and medicinal herbs.One of them is wormwood.It allows you to relieve inflammation and save the body from the pathogen.It is taken in a dry form in the first 3 days - every 2-3 hours it is absorbed in the mouth.The next four days reduce the number of techniques to 5. Every day at night, microclisms are made from the grass.
To do this, prepare an infusion: for 1 tbsp.l.It is necessary to take 1 liter of water.Boil the composition and let it cool to +40 degrees.After that, the solution must be filtered.It is necessary to make injections into the anus (100 ml), as well as in the urethra (50 ml).Procedures must be carried out within a week.They are shown in the chronic process.When conducting douching and microclemism, pus is possible - this is a normal phenomenon that indicates the effectiveness of treatment.
Conclusion
In combination with the main methods of treating the disease, physiotherapy, prostate massage and the acupuncture of the organ are used.
Living with chronic prostatitis means to regularly undergo a comprehensive examination and therapy, since there is a high probability of loss of reproductive function.